Paper Resume tentang OSI

Syahrul Fajar
Syahrul Fajar
Desember 29, 2024


 RESUME INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION(OSI)

NAMA : SYAHRUL FAJAR

NIM : C2C023113

REGULER C

Pengertian OSI Layer

Kepanjangan dari OSI adalah Open System Interconnection yang memiliki arti sebagai model referensi dari sebuah kerangka yang bersifat konseptual. Tujuan dibuatnya OSI layer adalah sebagai rujukan agar produk atau software yang dibuat dapat bersifat interpolate. Ini berarti user dapat bekerja sama dengan produk atau sistem tanpa perlu melakukan penanganan secara khusus. OSI layer adalah salah satu hasil dari perkembangan teknologi yang mampu membuat aktivitas manusia menjadi lebih efisien. Contohnya yaitu pengiriman sebuah pesan melalui email.  Jadi tujuan OSI ini adalah untuk memfasilitasi bagaimana suatu komunikasi dapat terjalin dari sistem yang bebeda tanpa memerlukan perubahan yang signifikan pada hardware dan software di tingkat underlying.

Proses peer-to-peer 

Bila dua mesin/komputer berinteraksi melakukan proses harus mematuhi aturan dan konvensi yang disebut protokol. Proses yang terjadi pada setiap mesin pada lapisan tertentu disebut peer-to-peer processes (proses peer-to-peer). Jadi dengan demikian jika 2 mesin akan dapat berkomunikasi jika pada lapisan tertentu menggunakan protokol yang sama.

Fungsi OSI Layer

Fungsi dari konsep OSI layer adalah memudahkan proses pencarian titik awal permasalahan, sehingga meminimalkan waktu yang diperlukan untuk melacak masalah jaringan. Dengan begitu, masalah jaringan bisa diatasi dengan lebih mudah.

7 Lapisan OSI Layer

Tujuh lapisan yang telah dijelaskan dapat dibagi menjadi 3 sub-kelompok (subgroups). Lapisan 1, 2 dan 3 adalah network support layer (lapisan-lapisan pendukung jaringan). Lapisan 5, 6 dan 7 merupakan user support layer (lapisan-lapisan pendukung pengguna). Lapisan 4 adalah transport layer, yang maksudnya adalah lapisan yang menghubungkan 2 subgroup sehingga lapisan user support layer dapat “mengerti” pesan yang dikirim network support layer.

1. Application Layer (Lapisan ke 7)

Application Layer (Lapisan Aplikasi) Sesuai namanya, lapisan ini emnjembatani interaksi manusia dengan perangkat lunak/software aplikasi. 

2. Presentation Layer (Lapisan ke 6)

Presentation Layer (Lapisan presentasi) lebih cenderung pada syntax dan semantic pada pertukaran informasi dua sistem.

3. Session Layer (Lapisan ke 5)

Session Layer (Lapisan Session) Layanan yang diberikan oleh tiga layer pertama (fisik, data link dan network) tidak cukup untuk beberapa proses. Maka pada lapisan session ini dibutuhkan dialog controller.

4. Transport Layer (Lapisan ke 4)

Transport Layer (Lapisan Transpor) bertanggung jawab untuk pengiriman source-to-destination (end-to-end) daripada jenis message tertentu.

5. Network Layer (Lapisan ke 3)

Network Layer (Lapisan Network)  bertanggung jawab untuk pengiriman paket dengan konsep source-todestination.

6. Data Link Layer (Lapisan ke 2)

Data Link Layer (Lapisan Data Link) berfungsi mentransformasi lapisan fisik yang merupakan fasilitas transmisi data mentah menjadi link yang reliabel. Dalam lapisan ini menjamin informasi bebas error untuk ke lapisan di atasnya.

7. Physical Layer (Lapisan pertama)

Physical Layer (Lapisan Fisik) melakukan fungsi pengiriman dan penerimaan bit stream dalam medium fisik. Dalam lapisan ini kita akan mengetahui spesifikasi mekanikal dan elektrikal daripada media transmisi serta antarmukanya.

Cara Kerja OSI Layer

Untuk memahami cara kerja OSI Layer, kamu bisa membayangkannya seperti tahapan mengirim surat. Nah, agar surat diterima dengan baik, tentu harus melewati berbagai tahapan pengiriman sesuai prosedur yang ditetapkan, bukan?

Berikut sedikit penjelasan mengenai cara kerja OSI layer:

  1. Application layer akan mengirim data yang dikirim oleh user pada perangkat komputer penerima data.

  2. Terjadi konversi email menjadi sebuah format jaringan pada presentation layer.

  3. Pada session layer akan dibentuk sesi perjalanan data hingga seluruh proses pengiriman data selesai dilaksanakan.

  4. Pengirim melakukan pemecahan data di transport layer, dan dikumpulkan kembali pada transport layer penerima. 

  5. Network layer membuat alamat untuk mengarahkan data ke tujuan dengan benar.

  6. Akan dilakukan pembentukan data menjadi bentuk frame serta alamat fisik dalam data link layer. 

  7. Pada physical layer, si lapisan utama, data akan dikirim melalui perantara jaringan menuju lapisan transport penerima.

  8. Alur proses akan berbalik serta berulang dari physical layer ke application layer sampai mengarah ke jaringan komputer user. 

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Syahrul Fajar